They also have openings on the sides of the head to make them lighter and durable. The warrior Warp is a revolutionary new lacrosse head that has the lacrosse mesh built into the head. Before the Warp people would have to string and constantly adjust the stick themselves. This head solves that problem because it is already adjusted and game ready. The phantom is a new type of lacrosse mesh basing itself of of the Warrior Warp. The natural and undesired action of the cantilevered motion of the stick is to generate a velocity component on the ball normal to the intended direction.
The tendency of the ball to fly off the end of the stick in throwing is corrected by weaving one or more separate strings into and across the top of the net at the desired point of release of the ball. The discontinuity of the throwing string is sufficient to check the outward velocity of the ball, and the release point of the ball from the stick is thereby defined.
The tension of the throw string is important, and if the throw string is too loose, the stick will throw high, and if the throw string is too tight the ball will hook or be deflected downward.
The throw string tends to loosen with play and needs adjustment periodically. The aforementioned problems encountered with the prior art nets, pockets, and throw stings have been overcome by my present invention. I have discovered that, by using a knitted mesh that has an areal density which varies both longitudinally along the extended axis of the handle and transversely, it is possible to make an improved net with a preformed shape that defines both the pocket and throwing areas.
The variation in areal density is accomplished by using relatively large size interstices in the center of the pocket area and relatively small size interstices in the boundaries of the pocket area and in the throwing area.
The transition from large to small size interstice occurs either relatively continuously or in a series of discrete bands of progressively smaller size. Also, the progression longitudinally differs from the transverse progression.
The location of the pocket with respect to the throat area is varied by moving the net longitudinally with respect to the head before affixing it. The depth of the pocket is determined by varying the amount of net material between the walls of the stick. The release area of a ball from the stick is determined by both the shape and longitudinal variation in areal density of the net and the variation in net tension. The variation in net tension is accomplished by affixing the net to the head in such manner that there is relatively little transverse tension on the net in the pocket area and significantly more transverse tension in the release area.
In a preferred embodiment this is accomplished by using one lace to affix the top of the net and throwing area to the stick and a second lace to affix the remainder of the net to the stick. In the subsequent detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views of the drawing and in which:.
Since lacrosse sticks and heads for lacrosse sticks are well known, see for instance U. It is to be understood that elements not specifically shown or described may take various forms well known to those skilled in the art.
Referring now to FIG. Head 10 defines a closed, generally V-shaped area and includes a bottom or throat region 14 adopted to receive a lacrosse handle or stick not shown , divergent side walls 16, 18 extending from throat 14 to a generally transverse top or end wall 20, and a stop Wall 20 contains a plurality of holes or openings 24 for affixing the top of net 12 to head In like manner, walls 16, 18 and stop 22 contain holes, or openings two of which designated 26, are illustrated in FIG.
The players seemed to enjoy the ups and downs of the game with all their hearts, in particular the attempts to avoid a collision with an opponent. The hardest thing for the early basketball players was to adapt to a sudden stop after receiving the ball.
The natural instinct is to keep moving with the ball. But this was a violation, and according to the rules, a player after a foul was removed from the court until the next hit.
Rudeness was also present. The list of injuries in the first game, according to Naismith: several fingals, one dislocated shoulder, one loss of consciousness.
Not bad for half an hour of play. Only one goal was scored in the game. The author of the historic hit was William Chase, who threw the ball into the basket from 8 meters. At that moment, a new problem emerged — the thrown ball had to be removed from the basket. Stebbins was called with a stepladder.
After the game, it turned out that someone had removed the rules from the bulletin board. It turned out that it was one of the players, Frank Mahan, who wanted to leave a souvenir as a keepsake. But after a couple of weeks, his conscience tortured him and he decided to return them to Naismith. The same Mahan asked Naismith after Christmas if he had already come up with a name for the new game? And 30 years after the invention of basketball, journalists decided to shorten the name to one word.
Among the 18 participants in the first basketball game, there was even a Japanese — Genzabaro Ishikawa, who would later introduce his homeland to a wonderful new game. Other participants in the first match brought basketball to France, India, Britain and Persia. Soon, rumors spread around the school about a new, as yet unnamed game, spectators began to come to the matches. The Buckingham instructors approached Naismith after the game and asked if they could play basketball.
They were opposed by a team made up of Springfield College stenographers. And his future wife married in , Mood Naismith, nee Sherman, also took part in one of the first games. They met thanks to the fact that the future basketball inventor rented a room in the house of the Sherman family — the house was close to the college where Naismith worked. Having traveled to their hometowns in the United States and Canada, they enthusiastically talked about the new game and demonstrated it in local branches of the Young Christian Association YMCA.
Soon, a team of students, with Mahan as captain, began touring the country with exhibition basketball games, often in conjunction with a group of acrobats from the same college. But after some experimentation, in which the number of players on the court reached 50, the matches were limited to the standard 9v9, as in the very first match in history. By , the number of players on one team was limited to five. So they defeated both the team of students from another faculty future physical education teachers and the team of their teachers.
That game — March 11, — is recognized as the first public basketball game to be attended by spectators. Naismith himself played for the teaching team — one of only two times in his life when he participated in a game that he himself invented. And the only goal for the teachers was scored by Amos Alonzo Stagg, in the future one of the greatest coaches in American football.
A year later, Stagg will go to work as a coach football, baseball and basketball at the same time at the University of Chicago, where he will soon popularize 5-on-5 basketball — an option that will become canon.
They wore long pants and short-sleeved shirts. Someone could aim for such a long time with a ball raised above his head that they simply took it out of his hands. In January , the basketball rules were published in the Springfield College newspaper, The Triangle.
The Triangle editors received so many requests for a copy of the rules that they published a separate booklet, which also described the equipment required for the game. The first basketball was made by the Overman Wheel Co. It was lighter and larger than the previously used soccer ball.
The first balls were brown, and only many years later they began to make them orange — so that the audience could better see the ball from the stands. In the late s, Naismith asked A. Spaulding to design an improved version of the basketball. And years later, Spalding balls are official in the NBA, but earlier they were not very even, not very round and laced, which made dribbling difficult.
With the spread of the game, the first inconvenience appeared: climbing a ladder to get the ball out of the basket after each hit was annoying. At Springfield College, a special man was sitting on the balcony, taking the ball out of the basket. Then someone suggested cutting out the bottom of the baskets — alas, history has not preserved the name of the author and the place of this important invention.
But even the bottom was not cut out so that the ball would fall through, but so that it could be pushed out of the basket from below with a stick. Fortunately, the inexperience of the players led to the fact that the ball was thrown into the basket very rarely. In the baskets were changed to rings with a net attached. By , rings with a hole in the bottom of the mesh were already common.
Since most of the halls had balconies, spectators were sitting behind the rings, and some unscrupulous fans could prevent the ball from entering the basket.
And the match organizers came up with another important element of basketball — the backboard. True, no one imagined that the shield would make it easier for the ball to hit the basket and increase the effectiveness, and, consequently, the entertainment of the sport. In , the first match between universities was played by the teams of the Minnesota State School of Agronomy now the University of Minnesota at St. Paul and Hamline College now Hamline University. Although the first student team appeared in Vanderbilt in — they did not play with other colleges.
Basketball spread at such an alarming rate that the YMCA banned it in some places in the United States — basketball games pushed other sports out of gyms.
Then basketball players had to move to ballroom dancing halls, arsenals, hangars and other large indoor spaces. As early as , just five years after the invention of basketball, the first professional basketball game took place. It was held in the ballroom, and to prevent the ball from flying away to the audience, the parquet was fenced with a wire mesh. The wire was easily injured, so it was usually replaced by a net of ropes — and this was how the pros played until the s.
The first professional league was born in In , Amos Alonzo Stagg, already a football coach at the University of Chicago, was asked for advice. The University of Kansas needed a physical education teacher — but this position included the post of chaplain who would gather students for prayer every morning, so there was no way to find the right candidate. Of course, after such a recommendation, it was impossible not to invite Naismith.
James joked for a long time that he got this job only because he knew how to pray. It was in the basement, it was only 10 meters wide and 25 meters long, there was a column supporting the ceiling in the center of the hall, and the ceiling itself was just over three meters.
This did not stop Naismith and he organized a basketball team from his students, mostly football players. The matches were held at a party, on neutral grounds, in factory premises and even on a skating rink. It was played by Jesse James Jr. In Kansas, Naismith continued to invent sports games — but neither the thief-tag, nor the highball, nor the vrill took root. From Naismith himself comes the greatest branch of student and not only coaches.
Allen coached two other future great coaches — Adolph Rapp, who built the basketball program at the University of Kentucky, and Dean Smith, who led the University of North Carolina team and trained many coaches and players, from Larry Brown to Michael Jordan. At the same time, Naismith did not believe that Allen would make a coach, much less a teacher of new coaches. It took only 16 years from the moment basketball was invented until that incident, but the sport developed rapidly.
Ironically, the first basketball coach in University of Kansas history is also the worst. Naismith remains the only one who has failed to achieve a positive balance of wins in Kansas — Naismith did not attach importance to his invention for a very long time. For him, it was just a small game, which was inferior to gymnastics and wrestling in its favor. Naismith once held a class in which he compared his first basketball rules with the new ones.
After a while, when he needed those rules again, he found that he had forgotten them then in the audience. The search came to nothing, and soon Naismith lost hope of finding the artifact. But 12 years later, he looked through his documents and found an unmarked envelope, dated Naismith opened the envelope and two of the most important pages in basketball history fell out.
In , two pages of rules were bought at auction for 4. But paperwork alone was not enough for him: he wrote books, patrolled the US-Mexican border in , taught sports medicine, traveled to France during the First World War, where he taught hygiene to American soldiers. The main thing in the training was to make sure that the soldiers did not go to brothels.
Naismith became a US citizen only in , almost 35 years later, as he moved from Canada. By this time, professional basketball was flourishing, tough, aggressive, played in cages — not at all like the game that Naismith had invented as a light winter game in which players would not get injured. He passionately loved basketball, but could not play with Fog Allen — John was dark-skinned, and blacks began to be admitted to the team only in So Maclendon learned basketball from Naismith.
And he became one of the greatest coaches in college sports history. John McLendon was twice inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame — for his coaching merits and for his contribution to the development of basketball. In , a meeting of the Council of American Coaches was held.
Naismith did not participate in it, but sent several suggestions for improving the game. In fact, the inventor of basketball could have reinvented basketball once again — his visionary thought outpaced the advent of the second counter in the NBA by 20 years. But he believed that it was more important to motivate the defense to take possession from the attack, rather than the attack — rather to throw the ball into the ring.
In the same letter to the council, Naismith suggested rewarding a hit from a distance with 4 points instead of 2. And again he was ahead of his time — the three-point line first appeared only in in the ABL in — in the NBA. In , basketball was introduced to the Olympic Games. Fogh Allen dreamed of seeing year-old James Naismith and his wife in Berlin. As a result, 5 thousand dollars were collected — much more than was required.
In Berlin, Naismith saw how widely his invention spread around the world. But he considered basketball an international game from the very first match — the same one that took place years ago. Americans and Canadians, as well as an Englishman, a Japanese, and a Frenchman took part in that game. For Naismith, this was confirmation that his game would be understandable and close to anyone on the planet. Especially for Naismith, a mini-opening ceremony of the Olympics was held — with the participation of the basketball teams of the tournament.
And then they went to the site — in the open air, without any protection from the rain the match for gold was played this way — under the downpour , with sand and sawdust instead of parquet.
Naismith was also entrusted with the honorable right to be the first to throw the ball into the game — the Olympic tournament opened the match between Estonia and France. There were 17! Springfield College graduates in the coaching staffs of the first Olympic teams. The college obviously coped with the task of preparing teachers of physical culture. Naismith also presented the first Olympic medals.
All of them went to American teams, and James was a citizen of two countries that played in the pouring rain in the finals — the United States and Canada. The Mexican national team took the bronze.
There were letters, photographs, the first rules, a description of the first game by Naismith himself, and many other useful artifacts that told the story of the invention of basketball. Naismith never tried to profit from his invention — he did not even register a patent for the game, and also always refused advertising contracts — only at the end of his life, according to friends, he advertised a Rawlings basketball.
One day a lawyer came to his office and promised him a share of every ticket sold to a basketball game. Naismith immediately kicked the lawyer out of his office. Not everyone agrees that Naismith invented basketball. In , a bronze sculpture was erected at Springfield College in honor of the most famous worker of this university — James Naismith. Now their number reaches million. Early members of the Basketball Hall of Fame include Naismith, Luther Gulick, Amos Alonzo Stagg, and the entire first basketball team to play the first basketball game on December 21, The Hall itself is located in Springfield, the birthplace of basketball, and is named after Dr.
Photo: Gettyimages. Gordon E. Robertson; twitter. Lacrosse has many varieties, each with minor or basic rules. In this chapter, we will discuss the different varieties of lacrosse. Usually lacrosse was played on large fields until the s.
Then, the owners of Canadian hockey arenas created a reduced size version of lacrosse called boxed lacrosse so that they could get more profit from their arenas.
Boxing lacrosse consists of two teams of six players each. Played on a hockey field where ice is removed or replaced with artificial turf. It can also be played on an indoor lacrosse field. The play area is enclosed in a box line, not in an open field as in a lacrosse field.
Here, the gate marks are smaller than the field lacrosse, which are 4 feet by 4 feet at either end of the box. Since there is more action on the small playing court, the goalkeeper must wear more protective pads, which include a chest protector and protectors called top , large shin guards called foot pads, and a mask or helmets ice hockey style specially designed for lacrosse.
The box lacrosse match is fast and fast. After receiving the ball, the attacking team attempts to score a goal within 30 seconds. If the ball is on the defending side, players must pass the ball over the center line within 10 seconds.
In case of a violation, the player is sent to the penalty area, and the match continues without him for two minutes 5 minutes of the main penalty if he is assessed. Unlike field lacrosse, a player cannot be removed from the game if they are involved in combat. Equipment and physical contact records are the most significant. Face guards are optional throughout the world, except in the United States where they are required.
There is a stick check here as well as a body check. In the United States, lacrosse is played on both club and college sanctioned teams. Field Lacrosse is played around the world with ten players per team. The team is divided into strikers, midfielders and defenders. Forwards — Intruders are not allowed to cross the middle of the field. They can only do this if they are replaced by a midfielder.
Midfielders can move anywhere on the pitch, which also helps prevent defeat by the other team. Mostly, midfielders pass the ball between the attackers and defenders of their team. Defenders — Defenders are the main ones who prevent opponents from scoring a goal. The sticks of the defenders are longer than those of the attackers and midfielders.
A few standard rules are followed, but there are exceptions. In , 56 matches were played from April to August. In , six teams participated, and in , eight. The hitting clock of in Major League Lacrosse is a second timer that starts when a team receives the ball in the attacking half of the field.
The offensive team has 60 seconds to shoot at goal. The kick must hit the net or at least somehow hit the goal or goalkeeper. If the time of the shot is depleted during the attack, the opposing team receives the ball in midfield and resumes the throw-in game. Educalingo uses cookies to personalize ads and get statistics on the use of web traffic.
We also share website usage information with our social network, advertising and analytics partners. Canadian French: the hooked stick, crosier.
Etymology is the science of the origin of words and the change in their construction and meaning. Click to to view the automatic translation of definitions in Russian. Lacrosse is a team sport of Native American origin played using a small rubber ball and a long handle called a stick or lacrosse.
It is a contact sport that requires supplements, with the exception of the female version. The head of the lacrosse stick is endowed with a loose mesh designed to grip and hold the lacrosse ball. The defensive goal is to keep the opposing team from scoring and win the ball through stick and body contact or positioning. Lacrosse is a team sport of Native American origin played using a small rubber ball and a long-handled stick called a crosse or lacrosse stick.
The head of the lacrosse stick is strung with loose mesh designed to catch and hold the lacrosse ball. Defensively, the objective is to keep the opposing team from scoring and to gain the ball through the use of stick checking and body contact or positioning.
Synonyms and antonyms of lacrosse in the English dictionary. Trends of use of lacrosse. Major search trends and examples of use of lacrosse. Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about the word lacrosse.
I grew up playing field hockey and lacrosse — prep school sport — and I was terrible at them. I knew at a young age, whether I was playing baseball or hockey or lacrosse , that my teammates were counting on me, whether it be to strike the last batter out in a baseball game or score a big goal in a hockey game …. I always thought about that. I played lacrosse for a hot second, but I was mainly a swimmer — captain of my swim team.
I played street hockey in Riverside Park when I was a kid. I played goalie. I decided to pick it up again. A friend let me play backup on his team. I think the greatest all-around athlete ever was Jim Brown. He played lacrosse , basketball and ran track at Syracuse. He played professional football for the Browns. I went to an all-girls private school, where we played field hockey and lacrosse.
I grew up with lacrosse in my life because my dad played lacrosse all throughout college, so I grew up with the gear in my house — like the sticks, the helmet. Discover the use of lacrosse in the following bibliographical selection. Whether your child is 8 or 18, experienced or just starting, this book is the complete guide to all that lacrosse has to offer.
Empower yourself with practical answers and unique ideas, whether you are new to lacrosse or once were a player. Like the Bob Scott book on which it builds, this edition will soon become familiar to every serious student of the sport.
Offers an introduction to the history, techniques, equipment, and rules of lacrosse, the oldest sport in North America. Coaching Youth Lacrosse is an excellent introduction to youth coaching and teaching young lacrosse players valuable skills. Best Sport Ever: Lacrosse takes readers from the beginnings of lacrosse to present day with a focus on the legends, the amazing stories, and the unique characteristics that makes the sport great.
The triangular shape of the plastic head first introduced in mostly remained that way until Brine developed and patented the offset head in The offset technology lowered the face of the head slightly below the base of the head and shaft, thus lowering the center of gravity of the stick and giving players a better feel for which way the stick was facing and how it was handling the ball.
Emerging technology in material science has led to several new manufacturers joining the lacrosse landscape in the 21st century. Modern shafts are made from carbon fiber composites that are lighter, more durable and more flexible than titanium or other alloy metals.
Hard mesh vs. Today, they can choose from a variety of pocket materials with different diamond sizes and shapes. Most innovations have centered on solutions, like wax coating, that keep mesh from stretching and pockets intact despite inclement weather or use.
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